DOCUMENT-BASED ACTIVITIES FOR ANCIENT HISTORY: Using Primary Sources and the Internet

Ancient Egypt

Ancient Greece

Ancient India

Ancient Rome

Fall of Rome/Byzantium

Ancient Americas Empires: The Maya, Aztecs, and Incas

Related Series:

Document-Based Activities for World History Series

Document-Based Activities for U.S. History Series

Ancient Egypt  

Lesson 1: Egyptian Architecture

Mastaba Tomb
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/pyramid_gallery_02.shtml

The Step Pyramid Complex of Djoser
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/arth/zoser/zoser.html

Explore Ancient Egypt
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/obelisk/explore/

The Great Sphinx of Giza
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/obelisk/explore/sphinx.html

Converging Pyramids
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/obelisk/explore/oldkingdom.html

Karnak Temple—Temple of Ramses III
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/obelisk/explore/karnakrams.html

Pylon with Obelisk
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/obelisk/explore/luxor.html

New Kingdom Pyramid
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/pyramid_gallery_08.shtml

Pyramid Challenge game
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/launch_gms_pyramid_builder.shtml

"Building the Great Pyramid"
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/great_pyramid_01.shtml

Lesson 2: Egyptian Religion and the Afterlife

Tour Egypt Feature—The Coffin Texts
http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/coffintext.htm

Pages from the Book of the Dead of Hunefer
http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/aes/p
/page_from_the_book_of_the_de-1.aspx
http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/aes/p
/page_from_the_book_of_the_dead.aspx

The Coffin Texts
http://www.mircea-eliade.com/from-primitives-to-zen/168.html

The Book of the Dead
http://www.touregypt.net/bkofdead.htm

"The Declaration of Innocence"
http://www.touregypt.net/bod3.htm

"[The Chapter] Of Making the Transformation into a Hawk of Gold"
http://www.touregypt.net/bod104.htm

Mummification
http://artworld.uea.ac.uk/cms/index.php?q=node/156
Scroll down to the paragraph on heart scarabs.

"The Chapter Of Not Letting The Heart Of A Man Be Snatched Away From Him In Khert-Neter" from the Book of the Dead
http://www.touregypt.net/bod58.htm

For Further Research...

The Quest for Immortality-Treasures of Ancient Egypt
http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2002/egypt/imagelist.htm

The Ancient Egyptian Concept of the Soul
http://www.touregypt.net/magazine/mag05012001/magf3.htm

Egyptology Online: The Afterlife
http://www.egyptologyonline.com/the_afterlife.htm

Odyssey Online: Egypt
http://carlos.emory.edu/ODYSSEY/EGYPT/homepg.html

Department of Ancient Egypt and Sudan at The British Museum
http://www.britishmuseum.org/the_museum/departments/ancient_
egypt_and_sudan.aspx

Ancient Egypt (British Museum site)
http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk

Lesson 3: The Importance of the Nile

National Geographic Xpeditions Atlas
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/atlas/

Hymn to the Nile
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/hymn-nile.html

Photographs of the Nilometer on Elephantine Island
http://www.art-and-archaeology.com/egypt/egy27-17.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Egypt.Aswan.ElephantineIsland.01.jpg
http://web.archive.org/web/20030308031858/briegull.com/egypt/fullimages
/nilometer_f.jpg
(Link is to an archive)

Nilometer
http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/nilometerroda.htm

Lesson 4: A Historic Battle

Hittite maps
http://i-cias.com/e.o/hittites_map.htm
http://www.ancientanatolia.com/map04.htm

"Giant Statue of Ramses II" found in 1996
http://www.arvendalstudios.com/egypt/photos/pharao3a.htm

Statue of Ramses II at Luxor
http://www.theburnsgallery.com/PAGES/photographypages/19paper/pap
er19-48.ht
ml

The Victory of Ramses II Over the Khita, 1326 BCE
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/1326khita.html

"Egyptologists stumble upon huge Ramses II statue"
http://web.archive.org/web/20050212084252/http://www.cnn.com/TECH/9608/05/egypt.statue/
(Link is to an archive)

Lesson 5: Egyptian Daily Life

Photographs of Deir el-Medina
http://www.waseda.jp/prj-egypt/sites/DeM/DeMPh-E.html

Clothing and Beauty

Picture of a woman wearing a dress, from the tomb of Ukhhotep III, Middle Kingdom
http://users.skynet.be/egypt/images/13511.jpg

Picture of a woman carrying offerings, from the tomb of Ukhhotep III, Middle Kingdom
http://users.skynet.be/egypt/images/13506.jpg

Shoes in the New Kingdom:
http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk/sedment/nk/tomb136.html

Wig of Human Hair, 18th Dynasty
http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/aes/w
/wig_of_human_hair.aspx

Combs
http://www.yare.org/papers/cambridge%202001/09220033m.htm

Food, Drink, and Agriculture

Soldier drinking beer with the help of a drinking tube and strainer
http://www.mfa.org/egypt/amarna/ex_hi/ex_hi_12.html
Zoom in on the picture.

Farming at Karanis
http://www.umich.edu/~kelseydb/Exhibits/Food/text/farm2.html

Butcher Slaughtering a Calf (from the Old Kingdom):
http://oi.uchicago.edu/i/highlights/OIM_10626_c.gif

Beekeeping photos
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/timelines/topics/beekeeping.htm

Household life

Ancient Egyptian pet mummies
http://www.animalmummies.com/learningfiles/pets.html

Mud Crocodile Toy
http://web.archive.org/web/20031204004254/http://www.kahun.ucl.ac.uk
/search/detailresults/detail.asp?01_objectidentifier=UC7196
(Link is to an archive)

Wooden Doll (12th Dynasty)
http://web.archive.org/web/20031204145211/http://www.kahun.ucl.ac.uk
/search/detail/results/detail.asp?01_objectidentifier=UC16686
(Link is to an archive)

Pottery Game Board
http://web.archive.org/web/20040405130058/http://www.kahun.ucl.ac.uk
/search/detail/results/detail.asp?01_objectidentifier=UC16722
(Link is to an archive)

Aspects of Life in Ancient Eqypt
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/timelines/topics/

Related Web Sites:

Ancient Egypt
http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk

Aspects of Life in Ancient Egypt
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/timelines/topics/

BBC Egyptians
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/

The Department of Ancient Egypt and Sudan at The British Museum
http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/aes/aeshome.html

Egypt: Secrets of the Ancient World
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/pyramids/

Egyptian Monuments
http://www.egyptsites.co.uk/

African History Sourcebook
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/africa/africasbook.html

NOVA Online: Pyramids
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/pyramid/

PBS: Explore Ancient Egypt
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/obelisk/explore/

Tour Egypt
http://www.touregypt.net/

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Ancient Greece  

Lesson 1: Life as a Greek

Clothing and Hair Experts:

http://www.hellenic-art.com/auctions/frescof61c.jpg
http://carlos.emory.edu/ODYSSEY/gif-still/chiton.jpg
http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_
objects/gr/c/caryatid_from_the_erechtheion.aspx
http://web.archive.org/web/20020317112912/ellada.net/general
_information/mustemple.jpg
(Link is to an archive)

Roles of Men & Women:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ancientgreece/resource/p6.shtml
http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight
_objects/gr/w/white-ground_jug,_attributed_t.aspx
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/xenophon-gender
roles.html
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/Aristotle-politics-polis.html

Children:

http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/herondas.html
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/plutarch-education.html
http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight
_objects/gr/t/group_of_knucklebone_players.aspx
http://www.metmuseum.org/Works_Of_Art/viewOneZoom.asp
?dep=13&zoomFlag=0&viewMode=0&item=27.45

Art & Music:

http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/pausanias-bk1.html
http://www.ancient-greece.org/images/museums/heraklion-mus/
images/155_5509_jpg.jpg
http://www.stoa.org/athens/sites/southslope/index.html
http://www.metmuseum.org/Works_Of_Art/images/gr/images
/gr56.171.38.L.jpg
http://www.mircea-eliade.com/from-primitives-to-zen/033.html

Map of Ancient Greece
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ancientgreece/resource/p10.shtml

Filamentality
http://www.kn.pacbell.com/wired/fil/

The Third Mime
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/herondas.html

Search the British Museum
http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights.aspx

Odyssey Online at the Carlos Museum
http://carlos.emory.edu/ODYSSEY/GREECE/welcome.html

Lesson 2: Comparing Athens and Sparta

Athens overview
http://library.thinkquest.org/17709/cities/athens.htm

Sparta overview
http://library.thinkquest.org/17709/cities/sparta.htm

Kid friendly overviews of Athens and Sparta
http://www.buffalolib.org/kidscorner/homeworkhelp/ancientgreece.asp

BBC "All about Athens"
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ancientgreece/athens/index.shtml

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ancientgreece/resource/p5.shtml
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ancientgreece/resource/p14.shtml
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ancientgreece/resource/p15.shtml
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ancientgreece/resource/p18.shtml

Athenian Constitution
http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/athenian_const.html

Origin of Athens (Plutarch)
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/athens-origins.html

Spartan Life by Xenophon
http://www.csun.edu/~hcfll004/sparta-a.html

Spartan constitution
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/aristotle-sparta.html

Remains of the Acropolis at Sparta
http://www.laconia.org/Sparti_ancient_city.htm

Origin of Sparta
http://www.csun.edu/~hcfll004/pausan.html

Spartan Polity
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/xeno-sparta1.html

QuickTime VR of remains of Sparta & Athens
http://www.stoa.org/metis/cgi-bin/qtvr?site=menelaion;node=4

Lesson 3: Our Greek Inheritance

Athenian Constitution
http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/athenian_const.html

Pericles Funeral Oration, quotes
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/pericles-funeralspeech.html

Direct Democracy in Athens
http://www.maxwell.syr.edu/plegal/tips/t4prod/appiahwq1.html

Lesson 4: Ancient Sports Illustrated

The Perseus Project: Ancient Olympics
http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Olympics/

Image 1: http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Olympics/pictures/1991.01.0845.jpeg
Image 2: http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Olympics/pictures/1991.08.0376.jpeg
Image 3: http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Olympics/pictures/1990.24.0416.jpeg
Image 4: http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Olympics/pictures/1991.10.0397.jpeg
Image 5: http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Olympics/pictures/1990.24.0417.jpeg
Image 6: http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Olympics/pictures/1991.07.1134.jpeg
Image 7: http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Olympics/pictures/1991.07.1155.jpeg

Filamentality
http://www.kn.pacbell.com/wired/fil/

Quicktime Tour of Ancient Olympia, the Stadium & Events
http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Olympics/site_6q.html

Ancient Olympic events
http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Olympics/sports.html

Athletes' Stories
http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Olympics/stories.html

Lesson 5: Greek Stories: Aesop to Zeus

Index of Greek gods
http://www.ancientcoins.biz/pages/gods/indexnz.php

Illustrated description of Gods
http://carlos.emory.edu/ODYSSEY/GREECE/home.html
Choose "Gods, Goddesses, & Heroes."

More illustrated description of Gods
http://www.mythweb.com/gods/index.html

Bulfinch's Mythology, The Age of Fable by Thomas Bulfinch
http://www.online-literature.com/bulfinch/mythology_fable/

Background for teachers on Aesop and fable
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/aesop-fables.html

Aesop's Fables organized by moral
http://web.archive.org/web/20041107062804/http://www.pacificnet.net
/~johnr/aesop/aesopsel.html
(Link is to an archive)

Teacher tips (creative writing projects, games)
http://www.mythweb.com/teachers/tips/tips.html

Related Web Sites:

For Teachers:

An Overview of Classical Greek History from Homer to Alexander
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=1999.04.0009

Classics Technology Center Teachers' Companions
http://ablemedia.com/ctcweb/companion.html

Ancient Plumbing
http://web.archive.org/web/20010820203655/http://www.pmmag.com
/CDA/ArticleInformation/features/BNP__Features__Item/0,2379,6747,
00.html
(Link is to an archive)

Mr. Donn's Ancient Greek Olympics Simulation
http://members.aol.com/MrDonnUnits/GreekOlympics.html

Mr. Donn's Olympics Lesson Plan
http://members.aol.com/MrDonnUnits/Greece.html#OLYMPICS

For Students:

Daily Life in Ancient Greece
http://members.aol.com/Donnclass/Greeklife.html#INTRO

Ancient Greek World Virtual Gallery
http://www.museum.upenn.edu/Greek_World/Index.html

Ancient Greece for Kids by BBC
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ancientgreece/main_menu.shtml

Encyclopedia of Greek Mythology
http://www.mythweb.com/encyc/

Ancient Greek ThinkQuest: Athens
http://library.thinkquest.org/17709/cities/athens.htm

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Ancient India  

Lesson 1: See What You Can Dig Up

William Penn Charter School's Virtual Museum
http://www.kidsnewsroom.org/elmer/infoCentral/frameset/civilizations/

A Walk Through Mohenjo-Daro
http://www.harappa.com/har/moen0.html

Embodying Indus Life: TerraCotta Figurines From Harappa
http://www.harappa.com/figurines/index.html

The Unicorn Seal
http://www.harappa.com/seal/1.html

Around the Indus in 90 Slides
http://www.harappa.com/indus/indus0.html

Lesson 2: Hindu Wisdom

Background on Basics of Hinduism
http://socialstudies.com/article.html?article@PIN149A

"Understanding Kharma, Dharma, and Samsara" Lesson Plan
http://web.archive.org/web/20031202020332/http://www.askasia.org/frclasrm
/lessplan/l000046.htm
(Link is to an archive)

Indian History Sourcebook: The Laws of Manu, c. 1500 BCE
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/india/manu-full.html

The story of the Ramayana with illustrations
http://home.freeuk.net/elloughton13/ramayana1.htm

AskAsia: The Ramayana Story

http://www.askasia.org/teachers/images/image.php?no=326&era=10&grade=&geo=
http://www.askasia.org/teachers/images/image.php?no=327&era=10&grade=&geo=
http://www.askasia.org/teachers/images/image.php?no=328&era=10&grade=&geo=
http://www.askasia.org/teachers/images/image.php?no=329&era=10&grade=&geo=
http://www.askasia.org/teachers/images/image.php?no=330&era=10&grade=&geo=
http://www.askasia.org/teachers/images/image.php?no=331&era=10&grade=&geo=
http://www.askasia.org/teachers/images/image.php?no=332&era=10&grade=&geo=
http://www.askasia.org/teachers/images/image.php?no=333&era=10&grade=&geo=
http://www.askasia.org/teachers/images/image.php?no=334&era=10&grade=&geo=
http://www.askasia.org/teachers/images/image.php?no=335&era=10&grade=&geo=

Lesson 3: What Can You Learn from a Hymn?

Social Classes of Ancient India
http://web.archive.org/web/20021217012607/http://www1.enloe.wake.
k12.nc.us/enloe/johnson/India_05/classesindia.html
(Link is to an archive)

Introduction to the Caste System
http://www.csuchico.edu/~cheinz/syllabi/asst001/spring98/india.htm

Meaning of the Word "Purusa"
http://web.archive.org/web/20040223192514/http://www.purusa.com/name.html
(Link is to an archive)

Excerpts from Hymn to Purusa from the Rig Veda
http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~wldciv/world_civ_reader/world_civ_reader_1
/rig_veda.html

WebQuest on Caste
http://teachers.eusd.k12.ca.us/mguerena/casteWebquest/index.htm

Lesson 4: Buddha's Truth

Mini-biography of Siddhartha Gautama
http://www.indolink.com/Kidz/buddha.html

The Buddha: Sermons and Teachings (6th century BCE)
http://web.archive.org/web/20040404044529/http://acc6.its.brooklyn.
cuny.edu/~phalsall/texts/bud-ser.html
(Link is to an archive)

Buddha: First Sermon (c. 6th Century BCE)
http://web.archive.org/web/20041013104742/http://acc6.its.brooklyn.
cuny.edu/~phalsall/texts/bud-ser1.html
(Link is to an archive)

"King Goodness" Buddhist tale
http://www.buddhanet.net/bt_1.htm

Lesson 5: "What Happened to Emperor Asoka?"

Background on Asoka
http://www.csuchico.edu/~cheinz/syllabi/asst001/spring98/Ashoka.htm

Maurya Empire Map
http://www.wsu.edu:8000/~dee/ANCINDIA/MAURYMAP.HTM

Edicts of King Asoka
http://www.cs.colostate.edu/~malaiya/ashoka.html

Related Web Sites:

Ancient India Reader
http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/ANCINDIA/CONTENTS.HTM

AskAsia: Historical Overview of South Asia
http://www.askasia.org/teachers/essays/essay.php?no=42

Chronology of Ancient India
http://narasimhan.com/SK/Culture/culture_history/culture_hist_tl_ancient.htm

Ancient Wisdom and Folly: Vegas and Upanishads
http://www.san.beck.org/EC7-Vedas.html

Vedic Gods
http://www.csuchico.edu/~cheinz/syllabi/asst001/fall97/chis-suc.htm

Gods, Goddesses, and Supernatural Beings: Vishnu, the Cosmic God
http://www.mircea-eliade.com/from-primitives-to-zen/027.html

Hymns from the Rig Veda
http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~wldciv/world_civ_reader/world_civ_reader_1
/rig_veda.html

Concordence: Vedic Gods
http://www.mythome.org/Hinduconcord.html

Encarta: The Caste System
http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/refarticle.aspx?refid=761565041

Hindu Gods & Goddesses
http://www.hindunet.org/god/summary/index.htm

Buddhist Studies for Primary and Secondary Students
http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/buddhism/index.htm

Stories By Grandpa
http://www.indolink.com/Kidz/stories.html

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Ancient Rome  

Lesson 1: Roman Aqueducts

Archaeology 291: The Roman Aqueducts and Water Systems
http://web.archive.org/web/20011101123423/http://academic.bowdoin.edu/classics/research/moyer/index.shtml
(Link is to an archive)

Aqua Alexandrina
http://web.archive.org/web/20011128162858/academic.bowdoin
.edu/classics/research/moyer/html/alexandrina.shtml
(Link is to an archive)

Aqua Traiana
http://web.archive.org/web/20011128172632/academic.bowdoin
.edu/classics/research/moyer/html/traiana.shtml
(Link is to an archive)

Aqua Marcia
http://web.archive.org/web/20011128170846/academic.bowdoin
.edu/classics/research/moyer/html/marcia.shtml
(Link is to an archive)

The Aqueduct in Caesarea
http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/History/Early%20History%20-%20Archaeology
/Israel-s%20Archaeological%20Treasures%20-%20The%20Mediterran
Scroll down to the third picture.

Sextus Julius Frontinus: The Aqueducts of Rome
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Frontinus/De_Aquis/text*.html

PBS NOVA Online "Watering Ancient Rome"
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/roman/watering.html

InfoRoma: Roman Aqueducts
http://www.inforoma.it/feature.php?lookup=aqueduct

Virtual reality movie of the California Aqueduct
http://geoimages.berkeley.edu/GeoImages/QTVR/CentralCalif/California
Aqueduct.html

Lesson 2: Roman Daily Life

Shepherd Milking Goat
http://www.huntersglade.com/info/past/romanshepherd.jpg

Shoemaker at Work
http://www.artres.com/LowRes2/TR3/S/A/P/8/ART62967.jpg

Roman Charioteer
http://www.flickr.com/photos/44124324682@N01/8005583/

A Day in the Life of a Schoolboy
http://web.archive.org/web/20020622101609/http://www.getty.edu/artsednet
/resources/Trajan/Lesson2/hand3a.html
(Link is to an archive)

Odyssey Online: Rome
http://carlos.emory.edu/ODYSSEY/ROME/dailypub.html

Excerpts from Cicero, On Old Age
http://web.archive.org/web/20020105093353/http://www.getty.edu/artsednet
/resources/Trajan/Lesson2/hand4b.html
(Link is to an archive)

Lesson 3: Roman Government

Polybius 6.11-18: The Constitution of the Roman Republic
http://homepage.usask.ca/~jrp638/DeptTransls/Polybius.html

BBC Schools: The Romans
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/romans/

Lesson 4: Roman Religion

Lares
http://sights.seindal.dk/sight/319_Lares.html

Penates
http://sights.seindal.dk/sight/309_Penates.html

Horace, Ode 3.18
http://www.merriampark.com/horcarm318.htm

Horace, Ode 4.5
http://www.merriampark.com/horcarm45.htm

Photograph of the Lararium in Pompeii
http://sights.seindal.dk/photo/9703,s319+.html

Encyclopedia Mythica: Roman Mythology
http://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/roman/articles.html

Perseus Project
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/
Type "Lares" in the Search window and choose the first entry under "Greek and Roman Materials."

Roman Art and Architecture
http://web.archive.org/web/20060902012050/http://harpy.uccs.edu/roman
/html/roman.html
(Link is to an archive)

Roman Mythology
http://www.loggia.com/myth/content1.html

Roman Religion and Mythology
http://sights.seindal.dk/sight/279_Roman_Religion_and_Mythology.html

Lesson 5: Roman View of the World

Orbis Terrarum According to Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (20 A.D.)
http://www.henry-davis.com/MAPS/AncientWebPages/118.html

World Map According to Pomponius Mela (c. 40 A.D.)
http://www.henry-davis.com/MAPS/AncientWebPages/116.html

World Map According to Dionysius (124 A.D.)
http://www.henry-davis.com/MAPS/AncientWebPages/117.html

Maps of the Roman Empire
http://intranet.dalton.org/groups/rome/RMAPS.html

Modern map of the Roman Empire (circa 120 A.D.)
http://intranet.dalton.org/groups/rome/RMap.html

Related Web Sites:

Literature on Roman Aqueducts
http://www.romanaqueducts.info/aqualib/aqualit.htm

PBS NOVA Online "Watering Ancient Rome" pages
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/roman/watering.html

InfoRoma: Roman Aqueducts
http://www.inforoma.it/feature.php?lookup=aqueduct

Odyssey Online: Rome
http://carlos.emory.edu/ODYSSEY/ROME/dailypub.html

BBC Schools: The Romans
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/romans/

Roman Religions and Mythology
http://sights.seindal.dk/sight/279_Roman_Religion_and_Mythology.html

Encyclopedia Mythica: Roman Mythology
http://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/roman/articles.html

Perseus Project: Greek and Roman Materials
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cache/perscoll_Greco-Roman.html

Maps of the Roman Empire
http://www.dalton.org/groups/rome/RMAPS.html

Secrets of the Dead: The Great Fire of Rome
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/case_rome/

Daily Life in Ancient Civilizations
http://ancienthistory.mrdonn.org/indexlife.html

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Fall of Rome/Byzantium  

Lesson 1: The Peutinger Table (Map)

Peutinger Table, full map
http://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost03/Tabula/tab_wels.html

Peutinger Table, detail: Rome
http://www.henry-davis.com/MAPS/AncientWebPages/120K.html

Peutinger Table, detail: Crete, Greece, the Black Sea
http://www.henry-davis.com/MAPS/AncientWebPages/120F.html

Peutinger Table, selected views
http://www.henry-davis.com/MAPS/AncientWebPages/AncientL.html
Scroll down and explore maps 120-120L

Background on Roman Roads
http://web.archive.org/web/20050204115237/http://www.barca.fsnet.co.uk/Via-Appia.htm
(Link is to an archive)

Lesson 2: "Reforms" under Emperor Diocletian

Lactantius: Of the Manner in Which the Persecutors Died
http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~vandersp/Courses/texts/lactant/lactperf.html

The Luxury of the Rich in Rome, c. 400 CE
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/ammianus-history14.html

Lesson 3: Christianity in Late Antiquity

Medieval Sourcebook: Edict of Toleration by Galerius—311 A. D.
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/edict-milan.html

Symmachus, Relation 3
http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~vandersp/Courses/texts/sym-amb/symrel3.html

Ambrose, Letters 17 & 18
http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~vandersp/Courses/texts/sym-amb/ambrep17.html#XVIII

Jews and the Later Roman Law 315-531 CE
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/jewish/jews-romanlaw.html

Banning of Other Religious Theodosian Code XVI.i.2
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/theodcodeXVI.html

Lesson 4: Barbarian Invasions

Ancient History Sourcebook: Procopius of Caesarea: Alaric's Sack of Rome, 410 CE
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/410alaric.html

Medieval Sourcebook: Salvian: Romans and Barbarians, c. 440
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/salvian1.html

Lesson 5: Christian Art and Architecture in Constantinople

Images of the Hagia Sophia
http://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~fa11/Church_Terms/Hagia_
Sophia_photo.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Haga_Sofia_RB9.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Haga_Sofia_RB3.jpg

The Description of the Hagia Sophia, 537-Procopius
http://gbgm-umc.org/umw/bible/procopius.stm

Image of Demetrius, Patron Saint of the city of Thessalonike, Greece, and the church of Constantinople
http://www.metmuseum.org/explore/Byzantium/byzim_12a.html

Image of Madonna and Child
http://www.metmuseum.org/explore/Byzantium/byzim_37a.html

Timeline of Byzantine Art History
http://www.metmuseum.org/explore/Byzantium/time.html

Related Web Sites:

Internet Medieval Sourcebook
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook.html

Internet Medieval Sourcebook: Byzantium Selected Sources
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook1c.html

Byzantine Studies Page
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/byzantium/

Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
http://www.ec-patr.org/default.php?lang=en

Metropolitan Museum of Art: "The Glory of Byzantium"
http://www.metmuseum.org/explore/Byzantium/byzhome.html

Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors
http://www.roman-emperors.org/

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Ancient Americas Empires: The Maya, Aztecs, and Incas  

Lesson 1: Architecture and Urban Development

Tikal: North and Central Acropolis
http://www.mayaruins.com/tikal/Tikal_InnerMap.html

The Alonso Map of Tenochtitlàn
http://www.library.csi.cuny.edu/dept/history/lavender/graphics/tenuxtlitan.jpg

Foundation of Tenochtitlàn
http://web.archive.org/web/20041114080055/www.umich.edu/~proflame/texts/mirror/fundaron.html
(Link is to an archive)

Images of Machu Picchu

http://www.sfu.museum/hola/en/slides/546/
http://www.sfu.museum/hola/en/slides/544/
http://www.sfu.museum/hola/en/slides/544/
http://www.sfu.museum/hola/en/slides/542/
http://www.sfu.museum/hola/en/slides/560/
http://www.sfu.museum/hola/en/slides/548/

Hernan Cortés: from Second Letter to Charles V, 1520
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1520cortes.html

Pedro de Cieza de Léon: Chronicles of the Incas, 1540
http://www.thenagain.info/Classes/Sources/deLeon.html

Lesson 2: Daily Life

Mayan Loom
http://www.snomnh.ou.edu/collections-research/cr-sub/ethnology/mayan
/CAM-2-9-28%20loom%20web.jpg

Hernan Cortés: from Second Letter to Charles V, 1520
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1520cortes.html

Sketches of Incan agriculture, Don Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala

http://www.kb.dk/permalink/2006/poma/88/en/text/?open=id2970453
http://www.kb.dk/permalink/2006/poma/120/en/text/?open=id2973071
http://www.kb.dk/permalink/2006/poma/360/en/text/?open=id2974973
http://www.kb.dk/permalink/2006/poma/337/en/text/?open=id2974907

Mayan mathematics
http://www.michielb.nl/maya/astro.html

Omniglot: Mayan Hieroglyphic Script and Languages
http://www.omniglot.com/writing/mayan.htm

Lesson 3: Religion

Popul Vuh—The Creation of True Humans
http://www.mythome.org/popul4.html

Aztec Sacrifice
http://college.hmco.com/history/west/mosaic/chapter9/images/aztec_sac.jpg

Altar of Skulls (Tzompantli)
http://archaeology.la.asu.edu/tm/Media/fig20z.jpg

Hernan Cortés: from Second Letter to Charles V, 1520
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1520cortes.html

The Festival of the Sun
http://www.sacred-texts.com/nam/inca/inca03.htm

Human Sacrifice by Chief Roy Crazy Horse
http://www.powhatan.org/sacrifices.html

Templo Mayor (Aztec) online museum
http://archaeology.la.asu.edu/tm/index2.htm

Lesson 4: Government

Pedro de Cieza de Leon: Chronicles
http://www.thenagain.info/Classes/Sources/deLeon.html

Pedro de Cieza de Léon: Chronicles of the Incas, 1540
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1540cieza.html

Mesoamerican governments
http://www.angelfire.com/ca/humanorigins/government.html

Lesson 5: Conquest

Thomas Gage Describes a Mayan Community in Early 17th Century Guatemala
http://historicaltextarchive.com/sections.php?op=viewarticle&artid=290
Scroll down to Social Conditions.

Hernan Cortés: from Second Letter to Charles V, 1520
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1520cortes.html

Capture of an Inca King: Francisco Pizarro
http://www.fll.vt.edu/Culture-Civ/Spanish/texts/spainlatinamerica/pizarro.html

Related Web Sites:

The Aztecs
http://www.indians.org/welker/aztec.htm

Chronological Table of Mesoamerican Archaeology
http://weber.ucsd.edu/~dkjordan/arch/mexchron.html

Machu Picchu: Unveiling the Mystery of the Incas
http://www.peabody.yale.edu/exhibits/machupicchu.html
This Web site is no longer available.

The Maya Hieroglyphic Codices
http://www.mayacodices.org/

Mesoweb
http://www.mesoweb.com/

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